Characterization of environmental aspects and impacts in the production of biobricks, Ecuador

Abstract

This study aims to characterize the environmental aspects and impacts associated with the biobrick production process in Ecuador, in order to evaluate its viability as a sustainable alternative to traditional bricks. A mixed methodology was employed under the pragmatic paradigm, combining qualitative methods (observation and interviews) and quantitative methods (evaluation using a two-way matrix). The research was applied and descriptive, and the study was conducted at the Biofabrik company. Eight operational macro-processes were identified at the plant, ranging from the acquisition of raw materials (sawdust and mycelium) to the drying and storage of the finished product. The analysis of the environmental aspects and the subsequent evaluation of the associated environmental impacts indicated that the main impacts are atmospheric emissions and particulate matter generation, resulting from the use of machinery and the handling of sawdust. Following the application of the environmental impact assessment matrix, it was found that of the twenty-six environmental impacts identified, twenty-four are low and only two are moderate, both related to the use of the concrete mixer. Therefore, it can be concluded that the production of bio-bricks has a reduced environmental impact, increasing its potential as an ecological alternative for the construction sector. However, it is suggested that the processes generating moderate environmental impacts be improved through more efficient and environmentally friendly technological alternatives. Furthermore, it is recommended to establish monitoring systems and promote an organizational culture focused on sustainability.